A document purporting to be the text of the US-Iran framework agreement, set to be signed in Switzerland on Friday, has circulated widely after appearing in Arabic-language media. Neither Washington nor Tehran has officially confirmed the draft, which was shared during G7 meetings in Évian-les-Bains, France.
The 14-point memorandum of understanding sees Iran committing not to develop nuclear weapons, while the United States pledges $300 billion for Iran's reconstruction. US President Donald Trump, visibly irritated by the leak, told reporters on the sidelines of the G7 summit that “no one knows what it (the deal) is, but it will be very strong.” He also warned that if Iran fails to comply, the US would resume “bombing.”
Key Provisions of the Draft
The draft declares an immediate and permanent end to hostilities on all fronts, including Lebanon, and commits both parties to refrain from the threat or use of force. It also affirms respect for each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and a pledge of non-interference in internal affairs.
Within 60 days of signing, negotiators are to finalize a comprehensive agreement, extendable by mutual consent. The US agrees to lift its naval blockade and restore maritime traffic to pre-war levels within 30 days, while Iran commits to clearing mines and resuming merchant shipping through the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman.
A central element is the US commitment, alongside regional partners, to create a rehabilitation and economic development plan for Iran, with financing of at least $300 billion. The implementation mechanism is to be detailed within 60 days as part of the final agreement.
The US also pledges to end all sanctions, including UN Security Council resolutions, IAEA board measures, and unilateral US sanctions, on a schedule to be agreed. Iran reiterates that it will never produce nuclear weapons, with the fate of enriched material and other nuclear issues to be addressed in the final accord.
Pending a final agreement, both sides agree to maintain the status quo: Iran will not expand its nuclear program, and the US will not impose new sanctions or reinforce its regional military presence. The US Treasury Department will issue waivers for Iranian crude oil, petrochemical exports, and related services, including banking and insurance.
Frozen Iranian assets will be released and made fully available, with the Central Bank of Iran determining final beneficiary payments. The US will issue all necessary permits and licenses to facilitate this.
The draft has sparked intense debate across Europe, where leaders are closely watching the implications for regional stability and energy markets. For more on the internal Iranian reactions, see Iran's Political Camps React to Leaked US-Iran Deal: From Regime Change to Regime Deal. A detailed analysis of the incentives is available in Leaked Draft Shows Iran Pledges No Nuclear Weapons, US Commits $300 Billion in Incentives.
The European Union, which has maintained its own sanctions regime and diplomatic channels with Tehran, is expected to weigh in after the formal signing. The deal's success hinges on verification mechanisms and the ability to rebuild trust after years of confrontation.
